Incident Library
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Cases2 cases

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  1. IL-0369 Railway's backend API went down when a column migration waited on locks and replicas could not get database connections
    Railway2025
    Symptoms

    At 15:18 UTC on 9 December 2025, Railway's backend replicas became unhealthy and stopped serving traffic. Dashboard access, CLI operations, logins, the API and the processing of GitHub-based deployments were disrupted, while running deployments stayed online.

    Probe failuresLock contention or deadlockDatabase overloadService outage
    Trigger

    Engineers merged a database schema change with a data migration at 15:03 UTC, and the migration began applying at 15:17 UTC. It added a nullable column to a heavily used table of about 1 billion rows.

    Root cause
    Faulty deployment
    Component
    DatabaseDatabase proxy and connection poolerSchema migrationLiveness and readiness probes
    Contributing factor
    Health check tied to a dependency
    Action items
    • Increase database connections and reconfigure PgBouncer to work within those limits
    • Fix the long-running query so it no longer causes row lock issues
    View case
  2. IL-0315 Railway's backend API went down when an index build locked a billion-row Postgres table and used up every connection
    Railway2025
    Symptoms

    At 18:36 UTC on 28 October 2025, two minutes after a database change went live in production, Railway's internal monitoring alerted and paged the engineering team. The dashboard could not be opened, CLI operations that use the API, such as railway up, failed, GitHub-based deployments were delayed because webhook processing failed, and all Railway Public API operations were disrupted.

    Service outageLock contention or deadlockDatabase overload
    Trigger

    A routine schema change to the backend's Postgres database, introduced at 18:23 UTC and live in production at 18:34 UTC, that added a new column with an index without the CONCURRENTLY option.

    Root cause
    Faulty deployment
    Component
    DatabaseDatabase proxy and connection pooler
    Contributing factor
    No configuration testsLimited debug access
    Detection

    Internal monitoring alerts paged the engineering team at 18:36 UTC, and the incident was declared at 18:41 UTC.

    Remediation
    • The index migration finished after about 30 minutes and released the table lock, and the queued operations and connection pools recovered
    Action items
    • Enforce CONCURRENTLY for all index creation in CI and block pull requests that do not use it
    • Adjust PgBouncer pool limits so they cannot overwhelm the Postgres instance's capacity
    • Configure database user connection limits so administrative access stays possible during incidents
    View case
Check your cluster for this

These 2 cases involve Database and Database proxy and connection pooler. kubegap audits a Kubernetes cluster for gaps like these, read-only, from Claude Code or Codex; its checks cite public reports like the ones in this library.

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By root cause1

Faulty deployment2 cases

Component
Database2Database proxy and connection pooler2Liveness and readiness probes1Schema migration1
Contributing factor
Limited debug access1No configuration tests1Health check tied to a dependency1
Organisation
Railway2
  1. IL-0369 Railway's backend API went down when a column migration waited on locks and replicas could not get database connections
    Railway2025
  2. IL-0315 Railway's backend API went down when an index build locked a billion-row Postgres table and used up every connection
    Railway2025